ABSTRACT
Tucumã oil is sourced from the fruit pulp of the tucumã tree and contains high concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids and carotenoids. Due to these properties it may have the potential to decrease enteric methane (CH4) from ruminants when included in the diet. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of oil mechanically extracted from the fruit pulp of tucumã on fermentation characteristics, CH4 production and the microbial community using the rumen stimulation technique. Treatments consisted of a control diet (forage:concentrate; 70:30), and tucumã oil included at 0.5 or 1.0% (v/v). Addition of tucumã oil linearly decreased (P < 0.01) dry matter disappearance. Total gas (mL/d) and carbon dioxide (CO2) production (mL/d, mL/g DM) were unaffected (P ≥ 0.36) to increasing addition of tucumã oil where 0.5% (v/v) of Tucumã oil numerically increased both variables. Acetate and butyrate percentages of total VFA were linearly decreased (P ≤ 0.01) and propionate and valerate percentages of total VFA were linearly increased (P < 0.01) by increasing concentrations of tucumã oil added to the substrate. The ratio of acetate to propionate was linearly decreased (P < 0.01) with increasing concentration of tucumã oil. Methane production (mL/d) was linearly decreased (P = 0.04) with increasing addition of tucumã oil to the substrate. Tucumã oil reduced the bacterial richness and diversity when included at 1.0% (v/v) in both solid- and liquid- associated microbes. The abundance of the genera Fibrobacter and Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group were decreased and Pyramidobacter, Megasphaera, Anaerovibrio, and Selenomonas were enriched by the addition of 1.0% tucumã oil. In conclusion, tucumã oil resulted in the favorable shift in fermentation products away from acetate toward propionate, decreasing the production of CH4 when tucumã oil was included at 1.0% (v/v), however, substrate digestibility was also inhibited. The rumen microbiota was also altered by the addition of tucumã oil.
ABSTRACT
This study reports the complete genome sequence of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis strain PA04, isolated from a sheep in the Amazon, Brazil. This bacterium is the etiological agent of caseous lymphadenitis. This genome contains 2,338,093 bp, 52.2% G+C content, and a total of 2,104 coding sequences (CDSs), 41 pseudogenes, 12 rRNAs, and 49 tRNAs.
ABSTRACT
In this work, we report the complete genome sequence of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis strain PA02 isolated from an ovine host. The genome contains 2,328,435 bp, a 52.2% G+C content, 2,035 coding sequences, 12 rRNA operons, 45 tRNAs, and 14 predicted pseudogenes.
ABSTRACT
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is the etiological agent of caseous lymphadenitis disease. In this work, we present the first complete genome sequence of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis strain PA01, isolated in northern Brazil from an infected sheep. The genome length is 2,337,920 bp, and 2,003 coding sequences (CDS), 12 rRNAs, and 49 tRNAs were predicted.
ABSTRACT
Orf virus is the etiological agent of contagious ecthyma, a severe exanthematic disease that affects small ruminants. Orf virus is zoonosis that is associated with occupational contact with infected animals in human disease. Clinically, contagious ecthyma is characterized by the appearance of vesicles, pustules, ulcers, and papillomatous proliferative lesions on the skin of the lips and nostrils. Here we describe a case of lethal cutaneous multifocal Orf virus infection in goats in the Amazon region of Brazil. Exanthematic lesions were collected and epidemiological and clinical data were obtained. Orf virus was detected using PCR amplification of the whole B2L, VIR, and VEGF open reading frame. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that this virus clustered together with the Orf virus samples isolated during classical contagious ecthyma. The present work is the first to report a severe proliferative Orf virus case in South America.
